Apparatus for distillation of ammoniacal liquids



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M. R. WOOD. APPARATUS FOR DISTILLATION 0F AMMONIAOAL LIQUIDS. No. 415,133. Patented Nov. 12, 1889.

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, M. R. WOOD, APPARATUS FOR DISTILLATION OF AMMONIAGAL LIQUIDS. 7

No. 415,133. I Patented Nov. 12, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. A

.MILTON ROBERT WOOD, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

APPARATUS FOR DI STILLATIQN OF AMMONIAC AL LIQUIDS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of' Letters Patent No. 415,133, dated November 12, 1889. Application filed March 2, 1889. Serial No. 301, 742. (No model.)

so constructed and operated that the distillation is carried on both with the use of a de- It is especially adapted for the distillation of the ammoniacal liquors produced by the socalled ammonia-soda method, and to be operated in connection with the apparatus patented by me. (See United States Patents of March 20, 1888, No. 379,752, and June 19, 1888, No. 384,884.)

I will describe in detail an apparatus embodying my improvement and then point out the novel features in claims.

a In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly broken away, of an apparatus embodying my improvement. Fig.

2 is a plan or top View of the same. Figs. 3 and 4 are plan and sectional views of certain trays employed in the apparatus, the section of-Fig. 4 being taken on the line m as, Fig. 3. Figs. 5 and 6 are plan and sectional views of certain baffle-plates employedythe section of Fig. 6 being taken on 'the line y y, Fig. 5. Figs. 7 and 8 are plan and sectional views of certain other trays employed in the apparatus, the section of Fig. 8 being taken on the line 2 .2, Fig. '7. Figs. 9 and 10 are plan and sectional views of certain other bafiie-plates employed, the section of Fig. 10 being taken on the line to w, Fig. 9.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

A designates what I term the primary still of the apparatus. This still comprises a case or shell, which case or shell is divided transversely by a partition a, so as to form therein two chambers A A The upper of these chambers, or A, is a refrigerator-chamher. The lower, or:A is a heatingchamber. In the upper or refrigerator chamber A are arranged a number of vertically-extending pipes at, through which ascending ammoniacal gases and vapors pass. After passing through said pipes the gases are received into a chamber A at the upper extremity of the still, and are from thence conveyed away of the tray a. It will be observed that the inner and downwardly-extending end of the I inlet-pipe a extends in this instance below the upper end of the outlet-pipe M. The inner opening of the pipe a is therefore always sealed by the liquor contained in the tray a.

From the tray a the liquor passes into a tray a The tray a is of-less diameter than the interior of the chamber A and it is centered therein by lugs at", extending horizontally therefrom at its circumference and contacting with the inner surface of the chamber. Between the tray a and the tray a is arranged a horizontally-extending baffle-plate a The baffle-plate d is more clearly illustrated in Fig.5. cumference with circumferentially-extending rows of perforations, but its central portion is solid. The ammoniacal liquor, passing through the pipes a downwardly upon the tra a asses from the latter tray throu h' o y p a 9 pipes a, when the tray a is full enough, and thence downwardly upon another tray (1 Below the tray a is a battle-plate a, which baffle-plate is illustrated more clearly in Fig.

9. This baffle-plate is provided about cen- 5 trally with a number of perforations, but its outer or.circumferential portion is solid.

I have now described one set of the trays and bathe-plates employed. I have illustrated a number of such sets of trays and baffle- Ioo plates, the construction of all being the same,

and I wish it to be understood thatI may em- Refrigerating-liquid is intro- 60 From thepipe at the liquor is dis- 65 It is provided near its cirploy any desired number of such trays and battle-plates. It will be seen that the pipes of and 02. extend far enough into the trays a a to form seals at the lower ends of the pipes when the trays a are filled with liquor.

The liquor passes downwardly through the trays until it reaches the lower portion of the chamber A From thence it is conveyed through an outlet-pipe B into a secondary still or secondary stills B I have shown two such stills. In the secondary still or stills B the ammoniacal liquor is heated, and is freed from its acid radical preferably by the use of a hydroxide of an alkali or an alkaline l 5 earth. In order to heat the liquor, I have shown in dotted outline in Fig. 2 steam-coils C. These coils are perforated and steam is admitted to them through inlet-pipes b and is forced freely through the liquor contained in the secondary stills. During this operation I prefer to agitate the liquor being treated, and I have shown rotary agitators D arranged in said stills, which agitators are mounted on shafts d, deriving rotary motion 2 5 from pulleys d, which may be driven in any suitable manner. The hot vapor and gases from the secondary stills B pass to a pipe B, and thence into the primary still A beneath the lowest of the battle-plates. They then 0 pass upwardly through the perforations in the battle-plates and through central openin gs in the trays a, passing in and out through the battle-plates, the trays a, and around the edges of the trays a so that they pursue a 3 5 constant sinuous course in passing upwardly. Being hot they heat the ammoniacal liquors Contained in the trays and carry along in their passage a considerable quantity of ammoniacal gas from the chamber A The vapor and gases pass upwardly through the pipes a in the refrigerating-chamber, where the vapor is condensed, and from which it drops back upon the upper of the trays a, to be again subjected to the same operation, as

5 before. The ammoniacal gases will pass off:

through the outlet-pipe of. v

I have shown the trays and ba1lle-plates as provided with inwardly extending lugs These lugs,when all the trays and baffle-plates 5e are in position in the still, operate to maintain the trays and baffle-plates separated from each other. The tier of trays and batiieplates is supported upon. lugs or projections c, extending from the inner surface of the 5 5 chamber A and below said tier.

I prefer that when the trays and battleplates are arranged in the chamber the lugs 9 shall occupy positions one above the other, as shown more clearly in Fig. l.

I have shown a safety-valve I:I,of ordinary construction, arranged upon the chamber A of the primary still. In this safety valve may bean oil-seal h, of ordinary construction. 7 Of course I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the use of any specific number of secondary stills B 1101 to the rela= tive arrangement between the stills shown and described, as, obviously, I may use any desired number of secondary stills, and they may be arranged in various relations to the primary still.

Man-holes I may be arranged upon any of the stills, as shown more particularly in Fig. 1.

It is to be observed that in the upward passage of the ammoniacal gases and vapor they heat the trays and consequently the liquor contained therein by radiation only, and do not come in contact with the liquor.

The cocks S S in the pipes B" and B may be used to regulate the flow of liquor and gases and vapor, as desired.

'What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with a primary still, embracing a heating-chamber, of a number of intercommunicating trays in said heatingchamber, a number of perforated battlepIates interposed between said trays and a secondary still, a passage for liquor between said primary still and the secondary still, and a passage for gas and vapor from said secondary still back to the primary still, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, with a primary still, embracing a heating-chamber and a refrigerating-chamber, of a number of intercommunicating trays in said heating-chamber, a number of perforated baffle-plates interposed between said trays, a secondary still, a passage for liquor between said primary still and the secondary still, and a passage for gas and vapor from said secondary still back to the primary still, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with a primary still, embracing a heating-chamber, of a number of trays in said heating-chamber, a number of perforated baffle-plates interposed between said trays, a secondary still, a passage for liquor between the primary still and the secondary still, a passage for gases and vapor from said secondary still back to the primary still, an agitator in said secondary still, and heating apparatus also in. said secondary still, substantiallyas specified.

l. The combination, with a primary still, comprising a heating-chamber, a refrigerating-chamber, pipes extending through said refrigeratingchamber and communicating with the heating-chamber, and through which ammoniaeal gas from the heating-chamber will pass, trays and baiileplates arranged in said heating-chamber, a secondary still, and passages for liquor and vapor and gases between said primary and secondary stills, substantially as specified.

5. The combination, with a primary still, of trays arranged therein and provided with central openings, other trays arranged therein of less diameter than the interior of the still, pipes affording communication between said trays, baffle'plates arranged between said trays, certain of said baffle-plates having perforations near their circumferences, and certain other of the bathe-plates having perforations near their centers, substantially below the upper edges of the trays beneath as specified. them, and baffle-plates arranged between said 1 o 6. The combination, with a primary still, of trays, substantially as specified.

trays arranged therein and provided with central openings, other trays arranged there- MILTON ROBERT O in of less diameter than the interior of the Witnesses:

still, pipes affording communication between FREDK. HAYNES,

said trays and extending at their lower ends ARTHUR H. GAMBLIN. 

